model of organisational behaviour
Organizational behavior (OB) is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness.
Several models of organizational behavior are as follows:
- Autocratic Model: In this model, the power and the authority to take decisions are in the hands of the management. The employees are expected to follow orders without any explanations. The focus is on strict compliance to orders, and not necessarily on communication or employee satisfaction.
- Custodial Model: In this model, organizations aim to create a comfortable, secure environment for employees in exchange for their loyalty and reduced aggression. It focuses on economic resources, with managers using employee benefits like retirement plans, health insurance, and job security as motivating tools. While this can lead to employee satisfaction, it doesn’t necessarily lead to motivation.
- Supportive Model: Here, the organization focuses on leadership and developing a supportive environment for employees. The emphasis is on motivating employees by recognizing their skills, knowledge, and capabilities, rather than just providing economic benefits.
- Collegial Model: This model emphasizes partnership between employees and managers. There is a strong sense of teamwork and collaboration, and both management and employees take responsibility for outcomes. The goal is to foster a sense of belonging and commitment to the organization.
- System Model: This model regards the organization as a system – a set of interrelated and interdependent parts working towards a common goal. It focuses on the coordination and interaction of different components of the organization (e.g., departments) for optimal functioning. Employee needs are taken into consideration and managers strive to create a balance between the needs of the organization and its members.
- Contingency Model: This model posits that there is no one best way to organize and lead. Instead, the optimal course of action is contingent (dependent) upon the internal and external situation. A leader must be flexible and adapt their management style to the situation.
These models are not mutually exclusive and elements from each can be present in a single organization. The choice of a model depends on the organization’s goals, the nature of its tasks, its environmental conditions, and the characteristics of its employees.
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